Digging into the economics a bit, and I'm not seeing anything relative to bird hunting yet, but the overwhelming data shows that unguided hunters & anglers put far more money into the local economies than outfitted clients.
Here's the Outfitter study that folks like to quote:
https://scholarworks.umt.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1376&context=itrr_pubs
About $55 million for hunting outfitters. Versus over $76 million for fishing, and when you combine the user days between all outfitted water sports, you get around 365,000 sports, or over 1/2 of the 700,000 people who utilize outfitter services in MT. The rest of those are comprised of skiers (who spend the most per day, fyi), hikers, bikers and hunters.
Compare that to the overall spending for big game hunting & fishing:
https://headwaterseconomics.org/wp-content/uploads/montana-outdoor-recreation-economy-report.pdf
NON-outfitted hunters & anglers are pouring hundreds of millions in to the state. around $842 million for fishing ($919.2 million minus the $76 mil for outfitted), and $330 million for non-outfitted hunting.
And, utilizing this 2016 Storymap from FWP we can see that the expenditures are concentrated in areas with significant public land in Western MT:
https://www.arcgis.com/apps/Cascade/index.html?appid=0fa1de4222074cdeb7dbf0710ecb2ee0
SO the takeaway here is that outfitting is low impact/high revenue, but isn't the juggernaut that some would have you believe.