These theoretical debates about who should pay for their own costs and who should pay for the costs of others are intellectual exercises that have no real influence on the outcomes we will see.
If cost-sharing agreements to fund some small parts of mitigation falls apart (which I hope doesn't happen) and Federal land activities continue to hammer state-managed wildlife, I expect wildlife numbers to fall dramatically over the next 20 years (which I hope doesn't happen). The last 20 years show it happening at a pretty rapid clip.
Even if states pick up the entire tab for these collaborations and us Americans get to cheap out on our responsibility to fund some minimal level of mitigation, the wildlife future is tenuous. When wildlife suffers, the cost and tag allocation to non-residents to get even worse (which I hope doesn't happen), someday getting to zero.
Each side of this debate benefits from more wildlife, however accomplished, however the funding responsibility is shared. More wildlife means more non-resident allocation, less demand by residents to exclude non-residents, and hopefully more reasonable costs when scarcity is not as extreme.
These decisions are certainly to the detriment of wildlife. Americans, via elected officials, declining a responsibility to fund a small portion of mitigation for activities occurring on Federal land, such as a cost-share with WMI heads us, and wildlife, further down a dark path.
While we joust about the theories of who should pay what, the pronghorn, mule deer, and other wildlife live with realities, not economic and political theories. These wild thing and wild places will write the real checks for America's collective demand for cheap energy and resources.
And if we think non-resident costs and allocations are headed in a bad direction now, in a decade or two we will wish it was like it was back in 2025.