They should start by looking at the total number of tags issued. Cut that number. Then determine what % allocation goes to R vs. NR. See WY as an example. That is the only way to reduce pressure. But it creates a fight over the pie. Rs can’t argue, convincingly at least, that as residents the game should be managed for them because Eventually that argument turns into large private MT landowners vs public land MT hunters, as it already has. And unless the tag cut solves the problem everyone is back to square one with less revenue from the cut to NR tags.
Pressure needs to be reduced. The best way to keep some opportunity is to divide up some of the tags so they have multiple seasons. Not sure it fixes where elk end up but it might make hunting a more pleasant experience. I have always said Elk end up on private land because it has what they need when they need it. They don’t eat pine cones.
I like the idea of a cow only season in December with more LE districts for bulls until bull:cow ratios are higher. Season structure really does need to be addressed, and that comes up again in 2023 with the next round of season setting. Statute is clear that the commission has the authority to structure seasons as they wish, with the exception of the muzzleloader season that was foisted on people in 21.
The advisory board's recommendations on the damage roster changes & shoulder season changes help get us there as well. Damage hunts serve a purpose to move elk off of private land where they are causing damage, yet we've abandoned that in favor of the shotgun approach the agency has taken on shoulder seasons.
The idea of a 1st, 2nd & 3rd archery & rifle aren't necessarily bad either, especially if you can hunt both seasons, like so many do. I love the opportunity that MT provides through abundant days in the field but the reality is it does become a self-defeating effort in terms of harvest success. MT currently boast a 13% success rate on bulls on public land. I think total harvest is around 28% on public. Changing how hunters are spread out throughout the seasons does just as much in terms of increasing harvest success (IMO) as some of the other concepts posted, but unless we deal with habitat issues on public land as well, we're only addressing a small part of the equation.
Noxious weeds, conifer stand replacement of aspen, etc means less groceries on the public while elk select the easiest feed - irrigated fields.
Pressure + good habitat = success
Pressure + poor habitat = 13% success rate
Wyoming has been doing this for 15 years through their Wildlife Trust (now at $175 million). UT, CO, etc all do this currently. MT could be doing similarly through existing programs but we're stuck arguing over the allocation issue rather than looking at ways to improv public land habitat.
It is not lost on many that Wyoming's sudden explosion of elk conflict matches closely to the push to privatize wildlife in MT. These two things are inexorably linked.
Post Script: I've had some great conversations with folks on the south side of the breaks and I think we need to be thinking how to help those family farmers & ranchers who are still struggling to stay on the land. Between the big buys from billionaires & groups like American Prairie (which I support), it is getting tougher to pull together a new ranch purchase, and often times the cost of transferring the ranch to the next generation doesn't pencil out due to retirement needs of the current. I don't completely understand the business model of family ag, but I'm trying. Talking with guys like Matt Wickens, it is clear that landowners and outfitters have the same concerns relative to elk distribution and concentrations, and there's no real love for the new class of non-resident owner who is trying to buy their way to the front of the line. To me, that means we need to be listening thoughtfully on how to keep those rural communities strong, rather than continue to fight for the piece of the pie we think we deserve. That doesn't mean we give in on privatization, but I think there's a willingness from a lot of folks who ranch & outfit to find those better solutions.
@Eric Albus has been leading on that front, and while we still disagree on some specifics, I think he's coming from the same place.