I was also getting 'whacked' in threads above for mentionting that in spite of hunting and trapping, wolf populations could grow over 30% per year. Of course there's a cap for that at some point given availability of prey, etc., etc., as mentioned earlier.
Here's a link to the Joe Balyeat video recorded a couple of months ago:
https://vimeo.com/302332804 Start listening at about 5:00 minutes with respect to this specific item.
In the Joe Balyeat video above he cites "studies" in Alaska showing 34% increase in wolf populations per year in spite of hunting and trapping. But as we've also found out in this thread, some here don't seem to care for Joe and I'm guessing, also his numbers mentioned above. I believe this is where I was getting that information.
Additionally, for further consideration:
1) 'Investigation of Wolf Population Response to Intensive Trapping in the Presence of High Ungulate Biomass'. Author of this report is Mark E. McNay and the primary study was conducted for the Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation, November 2002. This is a 'Research Final Performance Report'.
http://www.adfg.alaska.gov/static/home/library/pdfs/wildlife/research_pdfs/wo-intensetrap02f.pdf
Under section II--"Harvests of 15-40% have stabilized wolf populations (Gasaway et al. 1983; Ballard et al. 1987; Fuller 1989), but the mechanisms by which unexploited or lightly exploited populations are regulated are not well established...." (no page numbers in this study)
Under section V.--"The estimated wolf population within the 11,600-km2 study area declined from 185 wolves in autumn 1993 to 136 wolves in autumn 1994 as a result of intensive trapping conducted during a Alaska Department of Fish and Game wolf control program. Wolf numbers increased to 171 wolves by autumn 1998, but harvest by private hunters and trappers reduced the population to 120 wolves by autumn 1999. Exploitation rates by private trappers varied between 22-35% of the annual fall populations between 1995 and 1999. During 1995 the population declined when the exploitation rate was 25%, but between 1999 and 2000 the population increased by 21% despite a harvest of 30%...."
2) From
http://www.adfg.alaska.gov/index.cfm?adfg=intensivemanagement.predatorprey
"Wolf populations in North America commonly sustain annual harvests or natural mortality rates of 20-40% without experiencing a year-to year decline in numbers."