Years ago, when MT started making elk units branch antler bull I read in info from FWP that the branch antler restriction didn't work as intended because too many yearling bulls had a branch antler. Because of this after a few years they went to brow tine bull and this restriction worked as intended.
They also said that when they made a unit branch antler that it cut the hunter participation in half. At that time hunters had other units to hunt instead. I hunted some of these units and you couldn't tell the difference in the age class of bulls even though 1/2 the hunters were missing. If you can cut the numbers of hunters in half and not affect the age class of non-rutting bulls, how can we expect cutting nonresident hunter numbers to affect the age class of rutting bucks?
If you look at the very reduced number of hunters in many of Montana's mule deer permit areas and the fairly low quality of bucks in many of these units, I think it further supports that reducing hunter numbers pretty drastically has a limited effect on antler quality. I think that in the last few years with more people cementum ageing deer it is becoming evident that we have more older deer than many of us realized, they just have poor antlers.
In order to improve antler quality, we would need to reduce our efficiency in killing a very high percentage of the best young bucks every year. In my experience higher deer numbers have a larger effect on deer quality than reducing hunter numbers. Truly good bucks have always been a very small portion of the deer on the landscape, and I think that you could reduce hunter numbers by half or more and have a negligible effect on deer quality with our present season structure. At the end of the season there would still be almost no good bucks left. Reducing hunter numbers would surely have some other desirable effects, however.
I do not believe that we can fix what is wrong with Mule deer hunting in MT by taking something away from someone else.
I do not mean to imply that a higher nonresident harvest than the resident harvest is in any way ok, but you could fix it by convincing residents to just pull the damn trigger. I am not too sure that would fix anything, but it would change the harvest ratio.
Could it be that residents won't pull the trigger because our season never ends until it is time to get those presents under the tree?