This list comes from one of the most popular ammo sales websites. The cartridges are listed in order of sales from most to least. The least cartridges were available in at least three different loads. All had a load suitable for medium game. None cost more than $20/box.
My take on this is if you don't start with 223, well, you suffer from some shade of masochism. For your big gun, if you bother, 6.5 vs 308 vs 270 vs 30/06 should probably be based on which rifle you shoot best with action length being a factor more than cartridge.
- .223 Remington
- 5.56x45mm
- .300 AAC Blackout
- 7.62x39mm
- .308 Win
- .30-06 Springfield
- 6.5 Creedmoor
- 6.5 Grendel
- .223 Remington
- .308 Win
- .30-06 Springfield
- .300 AAC Blackout
- .270 Winchester
- .30-30 Winchester
- 6.5 Creedmoor
- .243 Winchester
- .22-250 Remington
- .222 Remington
- .350 Legend
- 6.5 Grendel
- .303 British
- 7mm-08 Remington
- 7mm Remington Magnum
- .25-06 Remington
- 7.62x39mm
- 7.62x51mm
- 7.62x54R
- 8mm Mauser
My take on this is if you don't start with 223, well, you suffer from some shade of masochism. For your big gun, if you bother, 6.5 vs 308 vs 270 vs 30/06 should probably be based on which rifle you shoot best with action length being a factor more than cartridge.